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Compound Groups

Compound groups are groups of chemicals that share structural or chemical features. In most cases, hazard lists will assign hazards to individual substances. Compound groups are useful because in some cases, lists will instead identify a group of structurally similar compounds (such as lead compounds) as all having the same hazard. The Pharos staff is in the process of establishing and populating compound groups, and associating warnings from the hazard lists with them. The table below indicates how each compound group is populated, and what is the status of its population.
Compound Groups
COMPOUND GROUP NAME POPULATION STATUS DATE POPULATED DESCRIPTION PROFILE TYPE # MEMBERS # HAZARDS
Particulate matter (≤10 microns) incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 0 1
Parethoxycaine and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Paraquat, salts incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 0 9
Paraffin waxes (coal) incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 5 0
Paraffin oils (petroleum) incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 16 0
Parabens incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 11 3
Palygorskite fibers (> 5µm in length) incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 2 3
p,p´-Bisphenols - Biomonitoring CA incomplete

This group is populated from the list at https://biomonitoring.ca.gov/chemicals

fixed list 0 2
p-Phenylenediamine and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 2 1
Ozone Depleting Chemicals, Hydrochlorofluorocarbons - Apple RSL complete

This compound group is populated from Apple's Regulated Substances Specification

fixed list 115 0
Ozone Depleting Chemicals (ODCs) in Google's MRSL complete 02/12/21

This compound group was populated from the Google Manufacturing Restricted Substances Specification (v1.0) (TTD_3549)

fixed list 209 3
Ozone Depleting Chemicals - Apple RSS complete

This compound group is populated from Apple's Regulated Substances Specification

fixed list 84 0
Oxpheneridine and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Oxazolidine formaldehyde releasers in progress 06/03/20

This compound group was populated by a manual search.

functional use 4 0
Oxanamide and its derivatives incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Other PFAA precursors or related compounds - semifluorinated incomplete

This group was populated from the OECD's Comprehensive Global Database of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) at http://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/portal-perfluorinated-chemicals/.

747 12
Other PFAA precursors and related compounds - perfluoroalkyl ones incomplete

This group was populated from the OECD's Comprehensive Global Database of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) at http://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/portal-perfluorinated-chemicals/.

315 12
Orthoboric acid, sodium salt (group) complete 02/27/23

ECHA chemical group parent

6 4
ortho-Phthalates - Biomonitoring CA incomplete

This group is populated from the list at https://biomonitoring.ca.gov/chemicals

fixed list 54 1
Organotin Compounds (OSPAR group) incomplete

The group of organic tin compounds identified by OSPAR for priority action comprises mono-, di-, tri and tetrabutyl and triphenyl tin compounds. https://www.ospar.org/documents?v=7271

other 220 14
ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS in progress This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'C[Sn]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. element 918 13
Organophosphorous flame retardants (OPFRs) incomplete

This compound group is populated from lists of organophosphorous / organophosphate flame retardants from multiple commercial and academic sources.

functional use 189 4
ORGANOPHOSPHOROUS COMPOUNDS complete 09/13/18

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'POC'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

structure 3174 1
Organophosphate Ester Flame Retardants (OPE FR)

This compound group is populated from combined lists of organophosphorous flame retardants and only includes those that are organophosphate esters. This list is affiliated with Cradle to Cradle Certified® and Green Science Policy Institute.

132 5
Organohalogen Flame Retardants - NAS OFR expanded set complete 02/12/24

This compound group is populated from "A Class Approach to Hazard Assessment of Organohalogen Flame Retardants" by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The committee identified a set of 1073 analogue compounds as "expanded set" based on combined functional, structural, and predicted bioactivity information.

The subclasses from the seed list used to expand this list are also in Pharos:

fixed list 1084 1
Organic compounds of mercury with the exception of those specified elsewhere in Annex VI of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 incomplete

This compound group is populated by taking the more general compound group and subtracting the chemicals found in the relevent Annex.

other 776 50
Octyltin compounds in progress

This compound group is populated by its subgroups.

other 138 14
Octylphenols incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 30 7
Octylphenol ethoxylates and related compounds incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 125 5
Octylphenol ethoxylates incomplete This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C=C1)OCCO'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. other 91 11
Octodrine and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 2 1
Octamylamine and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Octamoxin and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4); Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5); dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6) incomplete

ECHA chemical group parent

4 1
o-Tolidine-based dyes incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 1 4
O-PHENYLENEDIAMINE SALTS in progress

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[CH]1=[CH][CH]=[C]([C](=[CH]1)[ND1])[ND1]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

structure 2 3
o-Dianisidine-based dyes incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 38 6
o-dianisidine based azo dyes; 4,4'-diarylazo-3,3'-dimethoxybiphenyl dyes with the exception of those mentioned elsewhere in this Annex incomplete

This compound group is populated by taking the more general compound group and subtracting the chemicals found in the relevent Annex.

37 12
Noscapine and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Noradrenaline and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Nonylphenols and Nonylphenol Ethoxylates (NPEs) incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 392 16
Nonylphenols incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 82 29
Nonylphenol, branched and linear, ethoxylated, EO > 11 mol incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 0 34
Nonylphenol, branched and linear, ethoxylated, EO =< 11 mol incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 0 34
Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEs) incomplete

This compound group was populated from reports provided by the US EPA, Canadian government, and ECHA, as well as searches for 'nonylphenol' in the ECHA C&L Inventory, PubChem and the 2016 GADSL list.

https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-pollutant-release-inventory/report/sector-specific-tools-calculate-emissions/list-nonylphenol-ethoxylates.html

https://www.epa.gov/toxics-release-inventory-tri-program/addition-npes-category-tri-list-proposed-rule

http://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/f24cf2d8-11d5-4495-9e18-065b34e94e0b

https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/

http://www.gadsl.org/

other 324 34
Nonphenols (TRI Category) 03/09/21

This compound group was populated using a list of chemicals that are reportable under the MA Toxics Use Reduction Act (TURA). See https://www.mass.gov/guides/massdep-toxics-use-reduction-program#-listed-chemicals- for more information.

fixed list 9 30
Nonphenol Ethoxylates (TRI Category) 03/09/21

This compound group was populated using a list of chemicals that are reportable under the MA Toxics Use Reduction Act (TURA). See https://www.mass.gov/guides/massdep-toxics-use-reduction-program#-listed-chemicals- for more information.

fixed list 205 35
Nonadecafluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and its sodium and ammonium salts complete 02/27/23

ECHA chemical group parent

3 4
Non-halogenated aromatic phosphates - Biomonitoring CA incomplete

This group is populated from the list at https://biomonitoring.ca.gov/chemicals

fixed list 0 2
Non-chlorinated Phenols incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 2 0
Non-arsenical insecticides (occupational exposures in spraying and application of) incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

0 2
Non hexavalent chromium compounds excluding Chromium III oxides 0 1
Non Halogenated Flame Retardants incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

functional use 239 5
Nitroxoline and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Nitrous acid, salts incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

other 0 3
nitrotoluidines, with the exception of those specified elsewhere in Annex VI of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 incomplete

This compound group is populated by taking the more general compound group and subtracting the chemicals found in the relevent Annex.

other 0 5
nitrotoluidines incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

structure 1 0
Nitrosamines incomplete

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'NN=O'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

other 23 1
Nitropyrene compounds incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 4 1
Nitrophenols incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 8 0
Nitrocresols and their alkali metal salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Nitro PAHS incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 9 0
Nitrites, inorganic, except sodium nitrite incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Nitrilotriacetic acid sodium salts incomplete

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'C(C(=O)O)N(CC(=O)O)CC(=O)O'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

other 5 2
Nitrate compounds (water dissociable) 0 1
Nickel, other organic compounds incomplete This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'C[Ni]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. structure 31 0
Nickel silicides incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 4 0
Nickel silicates incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 7 0
Nickel phosphides incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 1 0
Nickel phosphates and phosphinates incomplete This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'Phosphate: [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[Ni+2] Phosphide...'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. other 7 0
Nickel oxalates incomplete This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[Ni+2].C(=O)(C(=O)[O-])[O-]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. other 2 0
Nickel nitrates incomplete This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[Ni+2].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. other 3 0
Nickel hydroxides incomplete This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[Ni+2].[OX1H-]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. other 3 0
Nickel halides incomplete This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[Ni+2].[F,Cl,Br,I;X0-]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. other 4 0
Nickel formates incomplete This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[Ni+2].[CH1](=O)[O-]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. other 3 0
Nickel compounds, sulfidic incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 6 28
Nickel Compounds, Soluble (MAK list) complete

This compound group has been populated using subgroups listed by MAK Commission of Germany.

fixed list 11 29
NICKEL COMPOUNDS, SOLUBLE incomplete This group was populated based on: http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/healthguidelines/nickelsolublecompounds/recognition.html other 5 28
Nickel compounds, oxidic complete

This compound group is defined by the SMILES/SMARTS string "O=[Ni]" and populated from a substructure search of PubChem. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

"including nickel oxide, nickel-copper oxide, nickel silicate oxides, and complex oxides"

https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/environmental-workplace-health/reports-publications/environmental-contaminants/canadian-environmental-protection-act-priority-substances-list-assessment-report-nickel-compounds.html

structure 29 28
NICKEL COMPOUNDS, INSOLUBLE incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 0 27
Nickel compounds, inorganic complete

This compound group is defined by the SMILES/SMARTS string "[Ni] subtract [Ni].C" and populated from a substructure search of PubChem. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

structure 507 1
NICKEL COMPOUNDS in progress This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[Ni]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. element 1131 27
Nickel carbonates incomplete This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[Ni+2].C(=O)([OX1-])[OX1-]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. other 5 0
Nickel borides incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 5 0
Nickel bis(sulfate)s incomplete This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[Ni+2].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system. other 2 0
Nickel acetate similar soluble salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 1 27
Nickel (soluble compounds) incomplete other 0 2
Nerium oleander its extracts and its glycosides, Oleandrin incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Neostigmine and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 2 1
Neodymium and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Natural gas (petroleum), condensates - unspecified incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 5 0
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Chemical List complete 07/27/20

This list was copied from https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical_lists/NHANES2019

fixed list 516 0
Naphthenic oils (petroleum), dewaxed light and heavy, Baseoil - unspecified incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 4 0
Naphtha (petroleum), treated fractions, - unspecified incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. other 64 0
Naphazoline and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
Nalorphine, its salts and ethers incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
N,N''-bis(4-Chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-2,4,11,13-tetraazatetradecanediamidine digluconate, Chlorhexidine and its salts, Chlorhexidine gluconate incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 3 1
N,N-bis(2-Chloroethyl)methylamine N-oxide and its salts incomplete This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition. structure 1 1
n-substituted derivatives of p-phenylenediamine and their salts 4 0
N-Alkyl toluidine, salts incomplete

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

Because of the heterogeneity of the alkyl groups, populating this group through a structural search may not be feasible. As a starting point, the following three structures get close but do not constrain the alkyl group properly (o, m, p): [CH3]C1=C([CH1]=[CH1][CH1]=[CH1]1)[ND2][CH2] plus [CH1]1=C([CH1]=C([CH1]=[CH1]1)[CH3])[ND2][CH2] plus [CH1]1=C([CH1]=[CH1]C(=[CH1]1)[CH3])[ND2][CH2]

other 3 4