The term “antimicrobials” is a general term to describe a variety of substances that kill or control the growth of microbes, including bacteria and fungi.

These substances are regulated as pesticides by the US Environmental Protection Agency and can present hazards to human and/or environmental health.

A great number of products on the market incorporate antimicrobials into their composition because they require preservation.  Water-based formulations and certain polymers are vulnerable to microbes that would otherwise feed on these materials and over time compromise their performance or appearance.

Some products on the market may include antimicrobials not for preservation, but to kill microbes that might make us sick.  However, to date there is no evidence that adding antimicrobials these products result in healthier populations, and the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have both issued statements advising that adding antimicrobials to such products are unnecessary.

The inclusion of antimicrobials in finished products – especially when used as preservatives – is not always disclosed and it may be difficult to determine what additives are present, and in what amounts.

This is a partial list of antimicrobial additives that may be present in building products as identified by Healthy Building Network in 2016.  

Sources include the FDA: https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2016/09/06/2016-21337/safety-and-effectiveness-of-consumer-antiseptics-topical-antimicrobial-drug-products-for

This compound group is populated from multiple sources, including the AZODYES chemical list at https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical_lists/AZODYES.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This group is populated from the list at https://biomonitoring.ca.gov/chemicals

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group is populated by its subgroups and literature searches for flame retardants. Please contact support@pharosproject.net with any suggestions or additions.

This group includes minerals, amines, and inorganic phosphates

This compound group is populated from a list of chemicals in an ECHA Investigation Report - Formaldehyde and Formaldehyde Releasers as well as manual searches. Report downloaded from https://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/13641/annex_xv_report_formaldehyde_en.pdf/58be2f0a-7ca7-264d-a594-da5051a1c74b

149-44-0 (Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate) was added based on suggestion by GreenSeal, citing https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Sodium-hydroxymethanesulfinate and https://www.fishersci.com/store/msds?partNumber=AC149190250&productDescription=SODIUM+FORMALDEHYDESULFO+25KG&vendorId=VN00032119&countryCode=US&language=en 

This compound group is populated by its subgroups, including a National Academies of Science report "A Class Approach to Hazard Assessment of Organohalogen Flame Retardants (2019)" available at https://www.nap.edu/catalog/25412/a-class-approach-to-hazard-assessment-of-organohalogen-flame-retardants

Includes chemicals from https://www.portlandoregon.gov/water/article/28482

1-Chlorobutane (CAS 109-69-3) added by suggestion of GreenSeal citing https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/1-Chlorobutane#section=Use-Classification

This compound group is populated from lists of organophosphorous / organophosphate flame retardants from multiple commercial and academic sources.

This compound group was populated by a manual search.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'C1=CC=C2C=C(C=CC2=C1)C(=O)N'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'C1=CC=C2C=C(C=CC2=C1)O'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string '[CH1]2=[CH1][CH1]=C1[CH1]=C([CH1]=[CH1]C1=[CH1]2)[ND1]'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

The only strong acid salt found was the HCl salt.

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'C1=CC(=CN=C1)C#N'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

This compound group was populated from a National Toxicology Program "FINAL Report on Carcinogens Background Document for Dyes Metabolized to 3,3′-Dimethylbenzidine" at https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/newhomeroc/roc10/dmob_no_appendices_508.pdf.

This compound group was populated from a National Toxicology Program "FINAL Report on Carcinogens Background Document for Dyes Metabolized to 3,3′-Dimethylbenzidine" at https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/newhomeroc/roc10/dmb_no_appendices_508.pdf.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group was populated from reports provided by the US EPA, Canadian government, and ECHA, as well as searches for 'nonylphenol' in the ECHA C&L Inventory and in PubChem.

https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-pollutant-release-inventory/report/sector-specific-tools-calculate-emissions/list-nonylphenol-ethoxylates.html

https://www.epa.gov/toxics-release-inventory-tri-program/addition-npes-category-tri-list-proposed-rule

http://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/f24cf2d8-11d5-4495-9e18-065b34e94e0b

https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=O'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This group is populated by more specific groups of alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group has been populated using subgroups listed by MAK Commission of Germany.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'C1=CC=C(C=C1)N'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

This compound group is defined by the SMILES string 'C1=CC=C(C=C1)N=NC2=CC=CC=C2'. For more information on SMILES, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system.

This compound group was populated from Table 1 of "Arsenic, inorganic and soluble salts Evaluation of health hazards and proposal of a health-based quality criterion for drinking water" Environmental Project No. 1532, 2014. Danish Ministry of the Environment at https://www2.mst.dk/Udgiv/publications/2014/01/978-87-93026-86-5.pdf

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group is populated from a list of soluble Barium compounds in https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp24-c4.pdf.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group was populated in part from chemicals in the NTP Research Report on Biological Activity of Bisphenol A (BPA) Structural Analogues and Functional Alternatives: Research Report 4, National Toxicology Program, October 2017.

https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/results/pubs/rr/reports/rr04_508.pdf

The following chemicals were incorporated from HBN research:

• 127-54-8 Bisphenol G
• 13595-25-0 Bisphenol M
• 129188-99-4 Bisphenol TMC
• 599-64-4 2-PHENYL-2-(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)PROPANE

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

Populated from Swedish EPA

http://webapps.kemi.se/flodesanalyser/

This compound group is populated from Table 1-1 of NTP Report on Carcinogens 1997 Background Document for Cadmium at https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/newhomeroc/other_background/cadmium_508.pdf.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group is chlorinated alkanes that have the molecular formula CnHxCl(2n+2–x) in which 10 ≤ n ≤ 20 (definition used by Environment Canada).

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

A structural search would require eliminating compounds containing carbon-hydrogen bonds, which is challenging.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.

This compound group has not yet been assigned a structural definition.